REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 6639 OF 2018 (Arising out of SLP (C) No.28752 of 2013)
NUTAN RANI AND ANR ..APPELLANTS
VERSUS
GURMAIL SINGH AND ORS ..RESPONDENTS
JUDGMENT
Dr D Y CHANDRACHUD, J
1 The appeal is from a judgment of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana at Chandigarh dated 23 February 2011, in a first appeal against a decision of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Chandigarh.
2 The appellants are the heirs and legal representatives of Ashok Kumar who died as a result of an accident on 31 March 1994. He was 30 years old at the time of the accident and worked as a commission agent/salesman with a firm in Ludhiana. The accident took place while he was travelling in a bus belonging to the Chandigarh Transport Undertaking. While he was alighting from the bus, it moved abruptly which caused him to fall. The fall resulted in serious injuries and led to his death on the following day.
3 The heirs of the deceased filed a claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 before the tribunal, to seek compensation of Rs.20 lakhs. The Tribunal held that negligence on the part of the bus driver was not proved. However, an amount of Rs.50,000 was awarded towards no fault liability together with interest at 12 per cent per annum.
4 In appeal, the High Court drew an adverse inference on account of the non-examination of the bus driver and awarded a total compensation of Rs 3,98,500. However, the rate of interest was reduced to 6 per cent per annum. Aggrieved by the judgment of the High Court, the heirs are in appeal.
5 The learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellants has assailed the award of compensation by urging that:
i. No addition on account of future prospects was made;
ii. The High Court erred in deducting 1/3rd of the amount towards personal expenditure without considering that the income of the deceased was extremely low, at Rs. 3,000 per month. A person earning a low income, who has a family to feed, would not spend 1/3rdof his income towards his personal expenditure; and of the
• Income: Rs 3,000/-
• • • • • • •
Percentage increase towards future prospects : 40% 3000 x 40% = Rs 1,200/-
Total income : Rs 4,200/-
One-third deduction : Rs 1,400/-
Income after deduction : Rs 2,800/-
Annual income = Rs 2,800 x 12 = Rs 33,600/-
Multiplier applied : 17 (since age of deceased was 30 years)
iii. The rate of interest was reduced from 12% as awarded by the MACT to 6% without adequate reason.
6 We find merit in the submission that the High Court erred in not granting the benefit of future prospects in computing the income of the deceased. Having due regard to the judgment delivered by the Constitution Bench of this Court in National Insurance Company Ltd. v Pranay Sethi1, an addition towards future prospects is warranted. The deduction of one-third towards personal expenses is proper.
7 The decision of the Constitution Bench in Pranay Sethi (supra), warrants an addition of 40 per cent on account of future prospects, having regard to the age of the deceased. The total compensation payable to the appellants in terms judgment in Pranay Sethi is computed below:
1 (2017)16 SCC 680
• • • • •
Loss of dependency : Rs 33,600 x 17 = Rs 5,71,200/- Loss of consortium : Rs 40,000/-
Loss of estate: Rs 15,000/-
Funeral expenses: Rs 15,000/-
Total compensation = Rs 6,41,200/-
8
the date of the petition until payment.
Interest is allowed on the aforesaid amount at 9 percent per annum from
9 The appeal is allowed in the above terms. There shall be no order as to costs.
New Delhi; July 20, 2018
...........................................CJI [DIPAK MISRA]
...........................................J [A M KHANWILKAR]
...........................................J [Dr D Y CHANDRACHUD]
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 6639 OF 2018 (Arising out of SLP (C) No.28752 of 2013)
NUTAN RANI AND ANR ..APPELLANTS
VERSUS
GURMAIL SINGH AND ORS ..RESPONDENTS
JUDGMENT
Dr D Y CHANDRACHUD, J
1 The appeal is from a judgment of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana at Chandigarh dated 23 February 2011, in a first appeal against a decision of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Chandigarh.
2 The appellants are the heirs and legal representatives of Ashok Kumar who died as a result of an accident on 31 March 1994. He was 30 years old at the time of the accident and worked as a commission agent/salesman with a firm in Ludhiana. The accident took place while he was travelling in a bus belonging to the Chandigarh Transport Undertaking. While he was alighting from the bus, it moved abruptly which caused him to fall. The fall resulted in serious injuries and led to his death on the following day.
3 The heirs of the deceased filed a claim petition under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 before the tribunal, to seek compensation of Rs.20 lakhs. The Tribunal held that negligence on the part of the bus driver was not proved. However, an amount of Rs.50,000 was awarded towards no fault liability together with interest at 12 per cent per annum.
4 In appeal, the High Court drew an adverse inference on account of the non-examination of the bus driver and awarded a total compensation of Rs 3,98,500. However, the rate of interest was reduced to 6 per cent per annum. Aggrieved by the judgment of the High Court, the heirs are in appeal.
5 The learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellants has assailed the award of compensation by urging that:
i. No addition on account of future prospects was made;
ii. The High Court erred in deducting 1/3rd of the amount towards personal expenditure without considering that the income of the deceased was extremely low, at Rs. 3,000 per month. A person earning a low income, who has a family to feed, would not spend 1/3rdof his income towards his personal expenditure; and of the
• Income: Rs 3,000/-
• • • • • • •
Percentage increase towards future prospects : 40% 3000 x 40% = Rs 1,200/-
Total income : Rs 4,200/-
One-third deduction : Rs 1,400/-
Income after deduction : Rs 2,800/-
Annual income = Rs 2,800 x 12 = Rs 33,600/-
Multiplier applied : 17 (since age of deceased was 30 years)
iii. The rate of interest was reduced from 12% as awarded by the MACT to 6% without adequate reason.
6 We find merit in the submission that the High Court erred in not granting the benefit of future prospects in computing the income of the deceased. Having due regard to the judgment delivered by the Constitution Bench of this Court in National Insurance Company Ltd. v Pranay Sethi1, an addition towards future prospects is warranted. The deduction of one-third towards personal expenses is proper.
7 The decision of the Constitution Bench in Pranay Sethi (supra), warrants an addition of 40 per cent on account of future prospects, having regard to the age of the deceased. The total compensation payable to the appellants in terms judgment in Pranay Sethi is computed below:
1 (2017)16 SCC 680
• • • • •
Loss of dependency : Rs 33,600 x 17 = Rs 5,71,200/- Loss of consortium : Rs 40,000/-
Loss of estate: Rs 15,000/-
Funeral expenses: Rs 15,000/-
Total compensation = Rs 6,41,200/-
8
the date of the petition until payment.
Interest is allowed on the aforesaid amount at 9 percent per annum from
9 The appeal is allowed in the above terms. There shall be no order as to costs.
New Delhi; July 20, 2018
...........................................CJI [DIPAK MISRA]
...........................................J [A M KHANWILKAR]
...........................................J [Dr D Y CHANDRACHUD]
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